(30).  (HnRNPA1) is a DNA binding protein (31) and its reduction is linked to many kinds of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s’ disease (AD), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), fronto-temporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP) and HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) (32). Here, HNRNPA1 is linked to proximal spinal muscular atrophy.