Proteins involved in insulin signaling pathway was up-regulated in T2D+CAP group compared to T2D rats, which is also consistent with a recent study showed that the administration of extracts of red peppers restored insulin signaling pathway and prevented tau hyperphosphorylation and β-amyloid accumulation in a rat model of T2D combined with β-amyloid-induced dementia [43]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.