AIF1 and glaucoma: Levels of Iba1 were elevated in the SC, ONH, and retina of vehicle-treated rats; this is not surprising since microglial activation has been observed in the optic projection in glaucoma (Wang et al., 2000; Yuan and Neufeld, 2001; Imamura et al., 2009; Ebneter et al., 2010; Shimazawa et al., 2012).