BCAR4 and medical procedure: In 2014, Yang reported on the lncRNA BCAR4 (breast-cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4), which simultaneously binds to the transcription factor SNIP1 (Smad nuclear interacting protein 1) and the phosphatase 1 nuclear- Targeting subunit (PNUTS), and it regulates the hedgehog/GLI2 signaling pathway [24].