PARP1 and myelodysplastic syndrome: In the present study, we investigate the role of PARP1 in patients with MDS by measuring PARP1 mRNA and protein levels and correlating them with the type of MDS according to the 200823 and 201624 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of MDS and with the risk for AML transformation as well as the overall survival (OS) of the patients.