PPARGC1A and hydrops fetalis: In gastrocnemius muscle, mRNA expressions of GLUT4, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), SIRT1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 were all upregulated in OXY supplemented groups (especially in OXY2) compared to the HF group (Figure 5).