Other inflammatory cytokines and mediators which are related to pathways in the early steps of CRC development, including arginase-1, IL-23a, IL-27, 12-lipoxygenase (LOX), and 15-LOX in the colonic mucosa, were examined as well, demonstrating that they showed no significant difference of expression levels among the three groups (Figure S1A). This evidence concerns the gene ALOX12 and colorectal carcinoma.