Moreover, some adhesion molecules were also significantly upregulated in PIE cells after poly(I:C) stimulation including SELE, SELL, ICAM-1, and EPCAM. In addition, we also observed a significant upregulation of the dsRNA detection sensors TLR3, RIG1, and MDA5. This is in agreement with studies in HT29 cells showing that RIG1 was upregulated by rotavirus infection (22). This evidence concerns the gene TLR3 and Rotavirus infection.