Elevated P2X7 protein levels have also been shown in the hippocampus and cortex in the intra-amygdala (i.a.)KA mouse model of epilepsy (Jimenez-Pacheco et al., 2013, 2016), in surgically resected hippocampus and neocortex from drug-refractory TLE patients (Jimenez-Pacheco et al., 2016) and in neocortical nerve terminals of TLE and non-TLE epilepsy patients (Barros-Barbosa et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene P2RX7 and epilepsy.