AFP and neoplasm: A multivariate analysis disclosed that male gender, serum albumin ≤4.0 g/dL, bilirubin >1.6 mg/dL, a serum AFP level >20 ng/mL, a tumor size >3 cm, the presence of vascular invasion, as well as the presence of EGV, were the independent risk factors associated with poor OS rates (Table 4).