It is now accepted that the products of activated immune cells, including proteolytic proteins such as myeloperoxidases and other proteinases by neutrophils, major basic proteins and eosinophil cationic proteins by eosinophils, and proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, can induce inflammation in various tissues, including lung tissues in ARDS [3,4,5,6,7,69,70,71]. The gene discussed is MPO; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.