Mice with a heterozygous S51A mutation in Eif2a, which encodes eIF2α, at the eIF2α phosphorylation site display diabetes under a high-fat diet, whereas mice homozygous for the S51A mutation are embryonic lethal or die within 18 h after birth because of hypoglycemia associated with defective gluconeogenesis by severe wasting syndrome [114]. The gene discussed is EIF2A; the disease is diabetes mellitus.