The mean sleepiness score (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]) for the study cohort was elevated for both sexes compared with the general population (8.67 ± 5.66, with 8.61 ± 5.70 for males and 8.89 ± 5.70 for females; vs 6.3 ± 3.5 and 5.9 ± 2.2, respectively).[70] In patients with TBI, central nervous system pathology with hypocretin/orexin deficiency is thought to underlie daytime sleepiness.[71] We had no narcolepsy cases in our sample, as determined by the Swiss Narcolepsy Scale and clinical examination. The gene discussed is HCRT; the disease is narcolepsy.