Collectively, we report for the first time that the overexpression of NF-κB1, c-Rel, and ELK1, causing the transcriptional repression of miR-134 in ovarian cancer cells, contribute towards their paclitaxel-resistance via miR-134 and that TAB1 might be a direct target of miR-134 in this process. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is ovarian cancer.