In previous studies, it has been shown that the granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) or interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) surface‐modified MB49 bladder cancer stem cells (MCSCs) vaccine could induce a specific antitumor immunity and against bladder cancer in mice model respectively 3, 4. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and urinary bladder cancer.