The accumulation of macrophages with tumor growth as well as increased macrophage infiltration with increased metastatic ability have been imaged non-invasively in breast cancer models by fluorescence-reflectance imaging using a fluorescently labeled specific probe for alarmin S100A9, a calcium-binding protein secreted by monocytes/macrophages with the protein complex S100A8/A9 acting as mediator between tumor and immune cells (69) (Figure 6). Here, S100A9 is linked to neoplasm.