In a recent study, decreased SIRT3 in human pulmonary artery smooth cell was associated with an induction of transcription factors HIF-1alpha, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), and nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 2 (NFATc2) and was associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension [119]. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and pulmonary arterial hypertension.