Besides, HMGB1 is proven to be involved in several neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; Lo Coco et al., 2007; Hwang et al., 2013), Alzheimer’s disease (AD; Takata et al., 2003, 2012; Jang et al., 2013), Huntington’s disease (Okazawa, 2011; Min et al., 2013) and PD (Lindersson et al., 2004; Song et al., 2014; Santoro et al., 2016; Sasaki et al., 2016). Here, HMGB1 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.