Moreover, germ cells co-stained with Zfh-1 and Vasa were not found in other known germline tumors, such as GSC-like tumor in nos>upd testes [8,9] (N = 48, S5A–S5B” Fig) and spermatogonial tumor in bam1/bam114 testes [45,57,58,59] (N = 40, S5C–S5D” Fig). This evidence concerns the gene DDX4 and neoplasm.