GLP1R and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Since cardiometabolic responses to native GLP-1 were impaired in obesity and T2DM (Moberly et al., 2013), these studies support that 9-36a may be particularly suitable for treating cardiovascular diseases co-morbid with insulin-resistant-associated diseases such as obesity, T2DM and metabolic syndrome (Ban et al., 2008; Sonne et al., 2008).