CD8A and neoplasm: The immune effects include: activation of both innate and adaptive immune systems, activating antibody-dependent cytotoxic cellular (ADCC) killing of HER2-overexpressing cells via NK cells (Clynes et al. 2000, Arnould et al. 2006, Barok et al. 2007); enhanced tumour surveillance by increasing INFγ production by NK cells, a process that is stimulated by IL-12 (Jaime-Ramirez et al. 2011) and eliciting an adaptive immune response based on HER2 presentation by HLA class I molecules to activate the anti-tumour activity of CD8+ T-cells and reduce Tregs (Perez et al. 2007, Horlock et al. 2009).