Our study supports a comprehensive model how diverse inflammatory insults could cause cerebellar ataxia: Disease-mediated elevation of danger signals like TLR ligands and inflammatory cytokines in the cerebellum is able to activate IKK2 signalling in astrocytes [2, 3], which as a consequence triggers astrogliosis-like activation of Bergmann glia and subsequent Purkinje cell loss. The gene discussed is IKBKB; the disease is cerebellar ataxia.