A report by Padovan et al., in which IFN-DCs produced IP10/CXCL10 and MIG/CXCL9 to attract activated CD8+ T cells and thus expand CTLs efficiently53, led to speculation that mIFN-DCs could potentially induce CTLs directly in the tumour regions, rather than in the lymph nodes. Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.