Furthermore, we observed PIGN gene expression aberrations in both phases of disease progression (M4 and M5) in this AML patient, with higher gene expression (~4-fold) in the pre-treatment phase than in the relapse phase (~2.5-fold) compared to normal healthy control cells (Figure 4A–4B), but more suppressed protein expression in the relapse phase. This evidence concerns the gene PIGN and acute myeloid leukemia.