Immunolocalization confirmed that AN3CA tumours produce IL11 and IL11Rα protein in the human-derived tumour epitheilial cells (Figure 3A), suggesting the potential for recombinant human IL11 to signal via IL11Rα in the tumour epitheilium and to target the receptor using our anti-human IL11Rα blocking Ab. This evidence concerns the gene IL11RA and neoplasm.