HMGB1 and neoplasm: Although our study was not able to evaluate how much of HMGB1 reduction in vivo was due to a direct EP inhibition of HMGB1 secretion and how much was due to an indirect effect because of lower tumor burden in EP-treated mice, our in vitro data support a model where direct inhibition of HMGB1 secretion by EP anticipates effects on tumor growth.