Gupta et al. 49 found that in mice, intrapulmonary administration of BMSC 4 hours after induction of ALI by E. coli endotoxin resulted in improved survival, reduced excess lung water and improved lung histology, resulting in a decrease of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) TNF‐α and MIP‐2 and an increase of IL‐10 levels within BAL and plasma samples. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and acute respiratory distress syndrome.