NPPB and chronic kidney disease: Although consistent with a study showing that linagliptin decreased BNP in an experimental model of uremic cardiomyopathy [35], the modest placebo-subtracted effect of DPP-4i on NT-proBNP reduction we observe in CKD patients had very low statistical power, was no longer significant after adjusting for multiple testing, and is unlikely to be of any clinical meaning, as NT-proBNP is not biologically active.