IGHE and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement: In additional analyses of the Health2006, Inter99 and the Allergy98 study, we excluded persons with self-reported asthma at baseline (including 8445 persons and a total of 214 events), and this yielded a HR of 1.12 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.51) of pneumonia for IgE sensitized vs. non-sensitized and restricting these analyses to only include never smokers (3241 persons and 57 events) yielded a HR of 1.20 (95% CI: 0.69, 2.08).