In further analyses with exclusion of persons with a registry-based diagnosis of asthma before or during follow-up (including 13331 persons and 829 events), we found a HR of 1.12 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.33) of pneumonia for IgE sensitized vs. non-sensitized, and restricting these analyses to only include never smokers (4643 persons and 165 events) yielded a HR of 1.53 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.19). The gene discussed is IGHE; the disease is susceptibility to pneumonia measurement.