Importantly, we demonstrated that overexpression of Sestrin 1 in cardiomyocytes with Atg7 knockdown did not decrease the levels of ANP as much as those transfected with scramble, suggesting that the protective effect of Sestrin 1 in cardiac hypertrophy was eliminated when autophagy pathway was blunt (Fig. 5B). Here, SESN1 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.