Moreover, several factors secreted from the alpha-granules of activated platelets including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) enhance the motility of both tumour and vascular endothelial cells as well as the growth of tumour cells at secondary sites10, 11, 12. Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.