At high N fertilization level, Si amendment significantly increased NPR1 and MPK3 transcript level relative to Si-untreated plants after BPH inoculation at 4 and 8 h (Figures 7A,B), suggesting that in addition to physical barrier, Si-mediated rice resistance to BPH is also inducible and much possibly SA-mediated. This evidence concerns the gene NPR1 and benign prostatic hyperplasia.