AKT1 and glioblastoma: To examine the effects of different Rac proteins in the formation and maintenance of glioblastoma-initiating cells, we first generated stable glioblastoma cell lines, U373-MG, U251-MG and U87-MG, that were infected with lentiviruses harboring green fluorescence protein (GFP), along with HA-tagged Rac cDNAs, or alternatively with shRNAs targeting specific Rac proteins mRNAs (shRacs).