Pooled results suggested that MDS and CMML patients with SETBP1 mutations had a significantly poorer prognosis when compared with patients with wild-type SETBP1 (MDS: HR = 1.808, 95% CI (1.218–2.685), P = 0.001; CMML: HR = 2.223, 95% CI (1.493–3.308), P<0.001). This evidence concerns the gene SETBP1 and myelodysplastic syndrome.