Further, our data showed the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (mcp-1, IL-1β and TNF-α) and the renal fibrosis biomarkers fibronectin (Fn) and collagen IV (Col.IV) were significantly higher in H-MCs than those in L-MCs by qRT-PCR (Figure 2a). This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and renal fibrosis.