Recent studies showed the beneficial role of Shh signaling in various models in the process of neurodegenerative diseases and brain injury, including acute brain injury (Amankulor et al., 2009), Parkinson's disease (Tsuboi and Shults, 2002), stroke (Huang et al., 2013; Chechneva et al., 2014), multiple sclerosis and demyelination (Franco et al., 2008), spinal cord injury (Bambakidis et al., 2010), HIV-associated neurological disorders (Singh et al., 2016). The gene discussed is SHH; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.