CXCL9 and rheumatoid arthritis: The levels of chemokines related to Th1 (CXCL9, CXCL10), Th2 (CCL22), T follicular helper and B cells (CXCL13), and macrophages (CCL4) were significantly higher in ueRA compared to HC, pointing to the role of these chemokines and immune cells in early RA pathogenesis.