There is accumulating evidence supporting a crucial involvement of CCL3 in the pathophysiology of several types of leukemia arising from neoplastic transformation of HSPCs, such as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) [21, 23, 24]. This evidence concerns the gene CCL3 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.