BAG3 and Parkinsonism: Seidel et al. (2012) demonstrated that BAG3 expression levels are upregulated in astrocytes from human brain tissues of patients with Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, or spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) disease, whereas no significant variation of HSPB8-BAG3 expression has been found in neurons of the same patients (Seidel et al. 2012).