Regarding the correlation between serumS100β levels and MMSE and MoCA grades, our findings reveal that S100βlevels exhibit a negative correlation with the total grade and the subitems of executivefunction, orientation, and calculation in MMSE, and the total grade and subitems ofdelay memory, attention, visual space, executive function, and naming in MoCA.Collectively, these data suggest that an elevated plasma S100β level is anindependent risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in SVD. Here, S100B is linked to snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration.