A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed for thepredictive value of serum S100β in diagnosing SVD with cognitive dysfunction.Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the association of S100βlevel with mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA) and the association of S100β levels with hypertension. The gene discussed is S100B; the disease is Hypertension.