Using lymphatic specific markers PROX1 and podoplanin (PDPN), we also assessed the effect of Sm4 on the tumor induced lymphangiogenic response, and found that the density of the tumor associated lymphatic vessels was greatly reduced (65%, p-value <0.01) in treated conditions, as well as the number of lymphatic endothelial cells (70%, p-value <0.001) (Figure 4—figure supplement 3). Here, PROX1 is linked to neoplasm.