ALK and mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: In contrast to anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) with characteristic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) translocation (ALCL-ALKpos), for which kinase inhibitors designed to target ALK have been developed1, most peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are usually treated similarly with a combination of chemotherapy agents, commonly cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP)2.