STAT1 and Hyperglycemia: In this study, we tried to elucidate whether SOCS-3 expression in mesangial cells can be induced by hyperglycemia condition, and to investigate the relationship among PI3K, STAT1/3, and SOCS-3 signaling in mesangial cells under HG condition, and to clarify the role of these signals in HG-induced mesangial ECM formation.