Adiponectin is an adipokine that is found in decreased concentrations not only in those who are obese and have diabetes and IR (which all is important component of the MS) but also in NAFLD/NASH patients; decreased adiponectin levels lead to increased insulin levels due to IR and increased insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) [22–24]. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is diabetes mellitus.