HSD11B1 and spontaneous abortion: In addition, several of the identified dysregulated genes, including CCL2, CGB8, FOSB, FSTL3, HSD11B, IGFBP1, PRL, RBP4, and TAC3 have been implicated in adverse pregnancy outcomes such as intrauterine growth restriction [23,25,26,28], large for gestational age [24], and recurrent miscarriage [43].