TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: We utilized indirect phage ELISAs to determine how well three of the different phages (TDPM1, TDPM2 and TDPM3) would bind to brain tissue samples from ALS, FTD and control cases (Fig. 2a–c) and compared the results with that obtained using a commercially acquired anti-TDP-43 antibody (Fig. 2d and Stage 2 from Additional file 1: Fig. S1).