We randomly selected five of the previously isolated scFvs against ALS TDP-43 variants (ALS-TDP6, ALS-TDP13, ALS-TDP15, ALS-TDP18 and AD-TDP3) for use as capture antibodies to assay TDP-43 immunoprecipitated from ALS, FTD and control tissue samples (Fig. 3a) and homogenized human brain tissue instead of immunoprecipitated proteins (Fig. 3b). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.