The enzyme Nox2 is emerging as an important source of oxidants that cause diaphragm abnormalities in animal models of diseases, including muscular dystrophy (Whitehead et al., 2010; Pal et al., 2014; Henriquez-Olguin et al., 2015) and HF (Ahn et al., 2015). Here, CYBB is linked to muscular dystrophy.