Tumor cell invasion and metastasis are promoted by the upregulation of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor; metastasis proteins, such as matrix metalloproteinases, urokinase-type plasminogen activator, MCP-1, MIP-1, and cathepsin B; and chemokines, such as IL-8 and CXCL1 in the tumor microenvironment. The gene discussed is PLAU; the disease is neoplasm.