Emerging evidence suggests that activation of the nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome leads to the maturation and secretion of IL-1β and is involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of obesity-induced inflammation, insulin resistance, and diabetes development [280]. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.