In the fed-state, insulin exerts an inhibitory effect on hepatic glucose production mainly through downregulation of the key gluconeogenic gene G6Pase. In T2DM, insulin’s inhibitory effect on hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes is attenuated, which results in increased hepatic glucose output and fasting hyperglycaemia (Wilcox 2005). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Hyperglycemia.